Article: Development & Characterization of Mammary Intraductal (MIND) Spontaneous Metastasis Models for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Syngeneic Mice

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a more aggressive form of breast cancer than other breast cancer types. Current models do not sufficiently simulate the tumor environment. Luo, XL., Lin, L., Hu, H. et al developed a TNBC preclinical model, studying tumor initiation and metastasis, by injecting 4T1 cells into the mammary ducts of BALB/C mice. Injecting 20,000 cells was found to be the most effective for modeling, with a good balance of tumor formation rate and time. When it came to early tumor development and treatment timing for lung metastases, the 4T1-MIND model stood out when compared to injections into the breast fat pad or duct. This model provides a promising direction for TNBC research, but it needs to be refined further.